부탄 10분 완벽정리

= English subtitles = Hello, everyone. 10 Minute Common Knowledge Encyclopedia 1. introduction Kingdom of Bhutan is a small mountainous country in South Asia located between India and the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. And it’s capital is Thimphu. Bhutan’s national flag was officially established in 1969 and it consists of a yellow and orange triangle in the background with a white dragon in the center. The name Bhutan means “the kingdom of dragons” in Tibetan And the white dragon is also a symbol of Bhutan.

00:48 - The jewel held by the dragon in its claws symbolizes wealth, The yellow symbolizes secular monarchs and the orange, Buddhism. Bhutan is a country east of the Himalayan Mountains, Between Tibet and India in South Asia. Where most of the land is mountainous with an altitude of more than 2,000 meters above sea level. Bhutan’s land area is about 39,000 square kilometers, ranking 134th in the world, and is about 40% of Korea’s land area. As of 2020, there are about 770,000 people living in Bhutan (164th in the world by population) And it is similar to the combined population of Pohang and Gyeongsan. Bhutan’s gross annual GDP was about $2.

8 billion in 2019, (ranking 164th in the world) 01:29 - and countries with similar GDP include Lesotho and East Timor. While the official language of Bhutan is Dzongkha, Nepalese, Tibetan, and English are also used as well. Fifty percent of the population are from Tibet, And 35 percent are of the initial population and 15 percent are of other ethnic minorities. Bhutan adopted the state religion of Tibetan Buddhism But there are a minority of Hinduism and Christianity as well. 2. history Bhutan’s History. Due to the loss of historical records caused by frequent earthquakes and fires, Bhutan’s history, before the 19th century, can only be understood at a general level.

02:09 - Legend has it that Guru Padma Sambhava flew from Tibet to Bhutan on the back of a tiger and settled in Taksang, the tiger’s home in Taru Valley. By the 7th century, Songtsen Gampo, who unified Tibet, advanced in to Bhutan, And in the 9th century, Padma Sambhava, a Buddhist monk from India, was said to have spread Buddhism to Bhutan. Until the early 1600s, Bhutan was divided between ‘lamas’ and military leaders. The soldiers who moved from Tibet built a country near the valley of Mungbu And each of these countries consisted of their own spiritual leader, Desi Druk, and administrative leaders. This political system, similar to that of s feudalism, Is still shown in Bhutan’s current culture.

02:53 - During the 17th century, Tibet attacked Bhutan four times with the intent of unifying small kingdoms surrounding it But ended up failing to do so. In 1714, Tibet attacked Bhutan once again with the support of Mongolia But when that failed as well, Bhutan and Tibet were finally completely divided. In 1772, Bhutan invaded a small country in the south and the small country asked the British East India Company for aid from Bhutan’s invasion. As a result, Britain and Bhutan waged several battles against each other. Bhutan’s defeat in the Anglo-Butan War from 1864 led to the surrender of some territory to Britain, and in 1907, under the influence of Britain, Bhutan declared an absolute monarchy by the Wangchuck.

03:38 - Later, the Kingdom of Bhutan carried out pro-British policies and consolidated its territory with the support of Britain. And in 1910, it handed over its diplomatic rights to Britain and became a British protectorate. However, inside Bhutan, the opposition to the British protectorate was great Resulting in the complete independence of the Kingdom of Bhutan from England in August 1949. Even after independence, Bhutan kept it’s monarchy and crowned Jigme Dorji Wangchuck as the third king. However, over time, the power of Congress has increased resulting in the need for democracy.

04:08 - Thus from 2008, the constitutional monarchy has been implemented through elections. 3. Politics & Economics Bhutan’s politics has been a hereditary monarchy in which the king wields absolute power since the founding of the country. And the power of the parliament has been very small. Because Bhutan was geopolitically located in outlying regions, and had poor supply of natural resources, there was no major exploitations of the country even during the British colonial period. While absolute monarchy was abolished and constitutional monarchy was implemented with the general election of Bhutan in 2008, The people’s trust in the king is still very high.

04:41 - Bhutan’s head of state is Fruk Gyalpo, which means the Dragon King. Theoretically, the monarch is hereditary, but with the consent of more than two-thirds of the parliament, he can be dismissed. The current king of Bhutan is the first king of Bhutan’s constitutional monarchy, Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck. Bhutan’s parliament is a two-way system of 20 senators and 47 MPs, With the head of the administration being elected prime minister With a four-year term and a majority vote in parliament. Major political parties include the Peace and Prosperity Party and the People’s Democratic Party.

05:14 - Statistically, Bhutan is one of the poorest countries in the world And it’s economic size also shows that as well. About 60% of the people are engaged in primary industries such as agriculture and forestry and foreign trade is mostly dependent on India. 500 million won worth of economic aid is received from India every year receiving it. Around the Himalayas where the altitude is high, livestock farming with yaks and goats are well developed and rice, corn, and wheat are grown on the lower altitudes. Most of the exports have to do with electricity generated by the water resources from the Himalayas.

05:47 - They also export some woods and coal to India. Their industry is largely from manual labour and developments of modern industry are still to come. They create products with very high quality through their manual labour, producing things like bags, quilts and carpets and gold embellishments such as knife handles and religious decorations. Their natural geography gives grand opportunities for tourism, but their country prioritises the defense or traditional culture and therefore strictly limits the tourism industry, meaning that there are only four international flights available to the country. 4. Nature & Culture There are many theories for why the country was named “Bhutan”.

06:31 - One of the theories claim that the country was named after “Bhota- anta”, which means “the end of Tibet” in Sanskrit Bhutan is situated on the southern tip of Tibetan Highlands. “Dzongkha”, the official language of Bhutan, is also known as “Chui”, which means “the dragon nation”. Bhutan is on the northeastern side of India, and the eastern side of the Himalayas. Most of the country’s territory are mountainous regions 2,000m above sea level, and Mount Kula Kangri , the Chomolhari , and other such high mountains that are above 7,000m sit at the border between Bhutan and the Tibetan Highlands. The altitude lowers as you go south. The country isn’t big in size, but there are multiple climates that can be observed due to the differences in altitude.

07:07 - The highest northern lands have mountainous climates, the middle lands where the capital city Thimphu is located have temperate climates, while the southern lands have tropical climates. Bhutan is determined to preserve nature for their next generation, indicating in their constitution that the mountains and forests must occupy more than 60% of the country’s territory. That means that every time someone wants to cut a tree, they need to get the country’s permission. Most of the people of Bhutan have Tibetan origins, meaning that much of their culture and traditions are shared with Tibet. But because Bhutan is much more temperate than Tibet, some of their traditions have changed form.

07:40 - Unlike Tibet, both men and women cut their hair short and typically walk barefoot. Because of the geographical isolation and the government’s strict regulations, Bhutan could protect and maintain their traditional culture. They consume most of the medicinal plants that grow on the Himalayas, and are known for their snow leopards, goats, and black necked cranes. Bhutan’s laws say that even their new architecture should be built according to the traditional way not only in appearance, but also in material and structure, and interior design. Bhutan’s bows and arrows made of their local bamboo are known for their ability to penetrate, and there are multiple shooting contest every year in Bhutan.

08:22 - Even little kids play with bows and arrows. This goes to show how archery is deeply ingrained to Bhutan’s culture. They also perform quite well in international archery contests. Bhutan is also the world’s only country were it is illegal to smoke. Bhutan’s governemnt established the world’s first law that banned smoking on the December of 2004. The people of Bhutan can’t smoke outdoors and in public places. Traditionally, Bhutan is a matriarchal society in which all family wealth is distributed to the woman. The men take care of the house, while the women work. You can also see men wearing skirts and black tights quite commonly in Bhutan This is apparently due to a policy that restricts men’s clothing quite strightly in order to preserve traditional fashion. 5. a well-known figure One of the most well known individuals of Bhutan is the fifth king of Bhutan, and Bhutan’s first constitutional monarch, Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck He was his father’s firstborn, and was coronated on November 2008.

09:25 - Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck finished attending high school in Bhutan, and attended America’s Phillips Academy, Cushing Academy and Winton University. He also got a masters in political studies in Oxford University. He was always very popular for his looks and his height, as well as his politeness. He was always with his father attending official business even before he was coronated. His father abdicated from the throne on December 2006, leaving the throne for his son. Namgyel Wangchuck was able to settle the politics within several days, despite the sudden coronation. On October 2011, he married Jetsun Pema, who also had studied abroad. To the nation that was concerned over the absence of any news about his marriage, this marriage was a great surprise. Because the marriage was between a royal family and a commoner it was a global issue granting it the nickname “Asian royal wedding”. After he was coronated, he carried out land reforms and created a system called the Kidu, where he could directly respond to his people’s concerns.

10:43 - He also put emphasis on global education, financially supporting exceptional students to study abroad. That was 10 Minute Facts Global Encyclopedia, your global cultural knowledge channel .