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ഹബിൾ ബഹിരാകാശ ദൂരദർശിനിയുടെ കഴിഞ്ഞ മുപ്പത് വർഷങ്ങൾ !!
On the 24th of April 1990 the nasa/esa Hubble Space Telescope was sent into orbit above the space shuttle Discovery the first space telescope of its kind It offered a new view of the universe and has for 30 years surpassed all expectations Beaming back data and images that have changed scientists understanding of the universe and the public’s perception of it Hubble’s discoveries have revolutionized nearly all areas of current astronomical research From planetary science to cosmology and it’s pictures are unmistakably out of this world This video will reveal some of Hubble’s biggest science discoveries throughout its three decades of operation An early and memorable result is the Hubble Deep fields These are extended observations of a particular region of the sky Intended to reveal faint objects by collecting the light from them for an appropriately long time These images Fascinated scientists and the general public alike as the thousands of galaxies captured in single images spawned widespread fascination and amazement The original and now famous Hubble Deep Field image released in 1996 Consisted of an area of sky with a width equal to just 1⁄12 that of the full moon In it Hubble found almost 3000 distant galaxies The Hubble ultra-deep field from 2004 was the deepest portrait of the visible universe ever achieved by humankind The 2012 Hubble extreme deep field was an impressive combination of many existing exposures over 2,000 of them into one image The results were astonishing for astronomers by studying the thousands of galaxies captured in these deep field observations Including some of the most distant primeval galaxies.
Michael X. Delli Carpini, Annenberg School of Communication
School of Communication at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia professor Michael Delli Carpini, it is really pleasure to have you in our program un brief we are starting a new model of communications of broadcast Twitter timelines and and we are trying this format using zoom where we can interview people all over the globe and post in our social media platforms as well so I would like to start today by talking to you we do about to bid your books Media Matters and so many others that you you know walk us through a bit your research your long history in researching media politics and how they influence public policy be happy to do that you want me to talk just a little bit at the beginning about my overall research agenda I’d be happy to do that so so I’m trained as a political scientist although I am now in a school of communication and my broad area of research and teaching has has been what’s the role of the media in facilitating or inhibiting the ability of citizens to engage in meaningful ways in the political world and for in particular for them to be able to do it in a way that enhances the way democracies work and most of my work is focused on the United States but the broader topics really apply to any democratic modern developed democratic system and so I’ve looked at that a bunch of different ways one of the ways I focus one of the things I’ve focused on in my research most essentially in a book that I co-authored with Scott Peter is the importance of facts of political information and the ability of citizens to be able to make meaningful and engage in meaningful ways we wrote that book quite some time ago and we made the argument that when is when when citizens as individuals and groups are informed about politics in a broad sense of the word that they are quote better citizens they are better in they are better able to connect their opinions to their political actions they are better able to understand the views of others be more tolerant they are more engaged more participatory all the kinds of things that we associate with a engaged informed active citizen citizenry that can make democracy work the way it’s supposed to is associated with the ability of citizens to get good useful information about politics now I mentioned that we wrote that quite some time ago because it has obviously become a very hot topic again excuse me in this world that we live in where disinformation is which has always been around but is around in a way that it makes it incredibly difficult for people to know what to believe and what not to believe and could talk more detail about that if you’d like the other piece of my work that I’ll talk about I’ve noticed - and that’s when I brought up but you know I was in the UK during the referendum - to leave the EU and I remember seeing all the campaign’s online and I thought this is not quite right this is propaganda there is a propaganda machine behind and then people say oh that’s me always like that in politics these are campaigns political campaigns and I was a bit surprised that people weren’t aware that there is a new form of disseminating this information being amplified by BOTS by through the social media platforms that created this very very chaotic environment absolutely true what you’re saying both the sort of the unwillingness to accept that things are different because there is no question that they’re different but also the role that this new media digital media environment that live in plays in this so and it’s not it’s it’s not just in campaigns I mean there’s a lot of attention appropriately paid to the role that the Russians and the Russian government played in spreading disinformation in the United States during the 2016 election cycle and since then that’s important but what’s missed when you focus only on that is that much of this disinformation is also being disseminated directly and indirectly by other act actors in the United States whether it’s conservative media or whether it is conservative fringe groups that they are complicitous in in spreading this information and most depressingly that our own current administration is is complicit us in spreading this information you saw it during the campaign you’ve seen it throughout the presidency of Donald Trump and you see it even as we try to deal with the koba 19 pandemic that’s taking place right now what seems to have changed dramatically is that is that misinformation disinformation can be said but what’s even also dramatic about it is that it can be countered and corrected and no one seems to pay a price for the misinformation and people still believe the disinformation it’s as if facts no longer matter I mean that’s a bit of an overstatement but only a bit of an overstatement on the things they see that are found false oh the fake news they see people who are impressionable or people who don’t have you know having benefits of having media literacy or who don’t have a media literacy right we say so it is it is really a challenge to work in this environment and particularly now it during the Kofi the nineteen crises we’re seeing again bots coming out extreme right groups paying for campaign on social media platforms well social media platforms have been coming up to to the task of being a bit more responsible corporate citizens right yeah I mean yeah in in fairness it’s a hard issue right I mean because you could slip sometimes we we’re so worried about the current problem that in finding solutions we forget that we might create other problems right and so I worry as much about limiting free speech and limiting access to information from different points of view as I do about the role of misinformation and disinformation so we’ve got a coming up with a good system that could limit the amount of disinformation always runs the risk of throwing the baby out with the bathwater if you will and and creating an environment where things people should be hearing ideas in areas where we’re really not sure what the real facts are could wind up getting centered by that as well but having said that you are absolutely right that we especially in an environment like the United States where there’s already so little regulation we really need these major platforms like Google and Facebook and and of Amazon other places that that are the disseminators of information they’ve got to really think through hard what it’s appropriate and not appropriate to have posted and how one controls that in a way that’s effective but there’s open but my also another way of doing this or in an additional way of doing this is we’ve also got to get better at helping people be able to distinguish what is disinformation and what is not and to be able to counter better when disinformation flows through the system more quickly at a actively counter that information with factual information and those are really really hard things to do they are but they said there seems to be they have been working with the w-h-o here in Geneva actually so there seems to be a movement towards good the corporate citizenship in some ways but I’d like to talk now about your last book - the environment how it’s changing because I was looking at some of the material and it’s so is still relevant even in the book was published eight years ago right I think what Facebook was maybe seven eight nine ten years old but you know we have seen so much change in the traditional media in the luring of entertainment and news I thought it was quite interesting - that’s right so this book which as you said is like eight or nine years old now was an effort by myself and a colleague teachers at University of Virginia Bruce Williams to try to get our hands around what was changing in the media environment and we and we make the argument that media environments change I mean that’s an obvious point and we sometimes compare what we have now to the most immediate environment that we’re coming out of and that’s what we saw happening so we make we argue that that there are these things called media regimes and these media regimes are the systems that are in place in which the relationship between the media the technology of the media political leaders and citizens have certain rules and expectations as now you interact and and they’re in the United States we’ve had several of these different regimes but the one that were most familiar with that we were coming out of was the era of broadcast media where media was very centralized but the entire US population for example really depended on three or four news outlets on broadcast television and maybe a newspaper in their local community to get information and the role of journalists was to be gatekeepers of that information to tell us what was important to think about and know about and they were also in theory supposed to be relatively objected to the extent that they could be and fair and balanced to the extent that they could be and then citizens job was to consume that information and vote occasionally and pay attention enough that they could act they understood in broad strokes what was going on but for a variety of reasons driven in large part by technology but not exclusively by technology we’ve gone through a period since the late 1990s really through the early 2000s where that model no longer applied even though we didn’t know what the new model was going to be and that’s the moment that we were writing this book we were writing it when it was clear that the media environment has changed but nobody was sure what its implications were going to be and so what we tried to do was describe what we thought was going on and the key parts of what we thought were different were that it was unlike the age of broadcast news the late night night 20th century that there was a new blurring of news and entertainment that that distinction stopped making was beginning to stop making a difference that there was a blurring of fact and opinion that what was the fact that what was an opinion was less clear or was emerging as less clear in this new environment that there was a shift in producers and consumers that citizens suddenly could be the producers of information not as powerfully as the mainstream media but certainly you can think of all kinds of examples of where average citizens holding a handheld camera have a shaped the media agenda and and a couple of other kind of shifts like that and at the time we gave some examples of how we saw that happening but I can tell you that if we had given if we had predicted that that what’s going on now would be the result of this but we do think it’s a result of the shifting media environment we wouldn’t have been able to get the book published it seems it seems like you this is science fiction this is a novel it is couldn’t happen and yet it’s exactly the kinds of things that we thought were going to happen no you know I’ll just say one other sorry one other thing is that we make the argument in other work that Donald Trump’s victory was because in a weird kind of way either either either just sort of implicitly or explicitly he understood this new environment better than most people and he was able to exploit it in ways that allowed him to become to become president of the United States absolutely yes that is key is what most people don’t realize was that the surprised if you were studying the news media environment looking at its change and marketing techniques and advertising micro-targeting social media campaigns how they work you know behavioral marketing you would understand very well that this is happening that you know that the this election was sort somewhat not you know you could even say fraud one because they use the techniques that I’m not sure but there is no legislation true that would say well we can’t do that I mean what one of the ways that to say certain things they did in social media because they they told the outright lies some people would say oh but Obama use the same methods you know of behavioral targeting behavioral marketing only using Facebook as a platform to reach for potential voters but I don’t think a bomber came out and made like this absurd horror like stories about their his opponent here the opponents right he just said well the I’m good for this this is my policies may be responded to criticism from the opposition but he never put the blatant lies and this campaign actually made the horrible you know defacing the candidate Hillary Clinton I mean it was pretty oh I mean all those points are exactly right and and one of the things that’s become clear is that so much of the US system at least working as it should was not was not based on rules and law although those are really really important they were based on norms the expectation that someone in was that people in positions of power would stay within certain norms and bounds so you could disagree on opinions you can disagree on policies you can even choose some facts over the other to make your case but what Donald Trump has shown us and the Trump administration and this new environment has shown us is that if you want to you can even make things up and you can make those things up and you could be called on the carpet for making them up and you still pay no political price for them you can still at least what you wind up doing is you leave people confused they don’t know what to believe and once you’ve done that you suddenly have I think at the same time that you might be able to push your ownage personal agenda forward you wind up deeply damaging the core elements of what a democracy needs if it’s going to function effectively and I think that’s what’s happening right now at least in the United States yes I know of course also the question of paternalism why journalism right why do we need journalists actually because everybody can be you know a journalist you know they simply say okay I’m going to tell stories and there are so many you know from across the political spectrum decide they’re going to tell stories and this is the news but they are not journalists because the idea a journalist has some sort of ethical framework right that you work with an ascetical framework is what we don’t see I say often you know particularly in the world of venture capital and new technologies and startups people start writing a blog and they say well this is the news oh now if this is my news outlet I had my own brand my own news outlet but there is a difference between having a certain sense of that you are maybe as a news organization really or a news producer you have to have some sort of ethical framework that you work from those are all exactly right in some ways journalists are less important or professional journalists are less important and more important than they’ve ever been there less important before all the reasons you mentioned that that for for anything I read or hear from a professional journalist even one doing their jobs really well there’s some place I can with one click of my mouse I can find information that contradicts that and is coming from a different point of view and it’s not factual and is is misleading and so we now we could be in the book that you referred to that I wrote with Bruce Williams we call this multi axiality the idea is that journalists are no longer the only gatekeepers of information or at least not as strong as they used to be and instead we get information from so many different places that that it and the information is so different in what it focuses on but also its veracity that that’s what we live in this confusing confusing information environment but they’re more important than ever precisely because that we need professional journalists to at least curate that information professional journalist you have norms and ethics and training in the way you describe and that doesn’t necessarily mean not having opinions but it does mean that opinions have to be tethered to actual facts you can’t debate things if you don’t even agree on the basic facts and that’s one of the roles professional journalists could play but in the world we live in now especially at least again in the United States trust in the mainstream media is at its lowest points that’s ever been measured and so people don’t even trust professional journalists when they’re told something if you don’t try the source then you are free to decide on your own what facts you believe and what facts you don’t and it’s uh it’s a it’s a very confusing difficult environment to try to have any kind of a sense of political community yes particularly because the news media the traditional news media is being attacked constantly by the commander in chief by you know and then so many pundits rather left saying oh the demise completely and the professional journalists have to keep reminding themselves you know compromise with bringing facts to people right to our public so there is this public service aspect right and there are I want to be clear there are journalists there are journalists in many news outlets in the United States print and broadcast and online that are doing very good job and trying to do exactly that but their voices often two things happen their voices often get washed out by all the other information that’s floating and disinformation that’s floating around but also they have been targeted as quote fake news so so it’s ironic that fake news for some people has come to mean tree news that because because President Trump has been read very very effective at convincing his followers that what is being said by more mainstream professional journalists is simply wrong it’s not true and and it seems to be hard to convince them but that’s not the case indeed indeed and what is happening now at the University how our class is going what is changing now what what there are the perspectives we are all virtual I mean I don’t think I knew and I came to admit this as a communications professor I don’t think I knew what zoom was before before the last six weeks or seven weeks but all the class all students are off but I’ll talk about University of Pennsylvania where I teach but this is true at all universities and colleges the campuses are closed down there are very few campuses where even the faculty or staff go to go to the campus that they’re literally closed down that varies a little bit but right now Penn is shut down literally the campus is almost completely empty except for a few very central personnel students have gone home or found other places to stay there’s my students in a hundred person undergraduate class that I teach have scattered across the globe they’re everywhere from China to to Africa to a other parts of Asia to the west and east and south and north in the United States all classes have continued but they’ve continued either through zoom or zoom like apps that allow for live discussion and lectures or they are recorded lectures that have been posted on various websites to allow students to complete their semester I’m happy to say that the two courses on teaching I’m in the midst of grading those exams now they completed and the students have been incredibly great in adjusting to the issue and the new circumstances and I’ll also say that it’s probably not a better time to teach media related courses because everything that’s going on has a media component to it so the papers are all about disinformation the way the media is covering Cova 19 pandemic the way in which in the united states asian-americans and and China are being stereotyped and villainized because of what’s going on so the papers are all are about contemporary issues using classic theories and research that’s been positive but we are all in a holding pattern I don’t think anybody knows whether summer classes have been all turned to online classes and what we we don’t nobody knows whether the fall semester will which students our faculty and staff back on campus or not what kind of been a holding pattern and for a number of colleges and universities that are heavily tuition dependent it could very well be that some of those colleges don’t really survive this so higher education is I think up in the air right now but it’s good well when universities such as the University of Pennsylvania can adapt quite quickly to everything in the students to I believe you want to graduates in time yes absolutely I mean I feel bad for the seniors who they’re graduate usually the last I should probably know though the last month or so the seniors experience at college is a combination of finishing up your courses but also looking forward to the rest of your life saying your goodbyes to friends that you might not see anymore celebrating your accomplishments and all that was unfortunately lost for these students so I feel really bad about that but again they and I can’t imagine for even younger kids kids that are in high school or grade school in elementary school who are going through this as a formative part of their experience how they’re thinking about what this means for the world that they live in but but I’ve been impressed the way most certainly not all certainly not that group of Americans who are out on the streets and large groups protesting the social distancing and the shutting down businesses well I understand the problems there the the reaction has been unfortunate but the vast majority of the public I think it’s really stepped up to the plate in this moment and is trying to address what’s going on though it has really highlighted what we already knew about the inequities in American society in which people with fewer resources or who have never really been fully accepted into the community are suffering more than the rest of us and what about your PhD students are they sort of what’s the challenge there you know it’s I also taught a PhD course a semester and I’m closed because I was former dean close to a lot of the students they’re stressed you know in terms of the classes I think those of all God fine but for example we have PhD students who’s who are working on their dissertations whose work was not was more at the graphic or or interview based and their design of their studies were to go out and talk to people or attend different types of meetings and they can’t do that and so they’re on hold we have students who are going to go on to the academic job market and you can be fairly certain that there’s not going to be a lot of hiring over the next who knows period of time as universities worry about their financial circumstances because of to possibility of tuition being dropped tuition revenues being dropped and the endowments of universities going down so it’s going to be hard for students were going out on the job market so yeah but again is in a media program which also presents opportunities for thinking about out of the study the kinds of media environment that we live in right now but in general I would say most people most students are dealing with it but pretty stressed out about what this means for their future well thank you very much professor Michael the liquor peony and former dean of the American School of Communication at the University of Pennsylvania and professor the communications school was still right and the political science department the pleasure is speaking with you and I hope we can be in touch whenever I need the commentary on things that I’d be happy to do this congratulations on this format and and also on the work that you’re doing I think it’s really important at this moment and I think you can’t think about these issues we’re not thinking about the role of Technology and so it’s a really important role you’re filling so thank you for that yes as much as the person to again because I’m covering the United Nations here so our work was like there are events every day you know so I was on the hallways talking to two different experts and government representatives and suddenly they are not here we can’t access the building so we thought well this is going to be the solution and it looks like also we are new format for us - absolutely yeah okay well take care it’s great to see you and stay safe yes you too thank you very much yeah you .
kkleksy suop efect 64
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How to grade your peers in the homework program (Fluid Dynamics with Olivier Cleynen)
hi it’s a beautiful spring day and I’m on my way to work from my living apartment to my work apartment and I thought that I’d record the video on my bicycle to try to save time and just to have a little fun so last night about 160 emails arrived in the fluidmech inbox for the first homework assignment and I’d like to say first how incredibly honored I am that so many of you participate in this how much work you all put into this it’s very honoring and I’ll try to live up to that so thanks so much for your participation now the main question I get when students participate in this kind of assignment is uh why should other students grade me why don’t you grade me Olivier?
What is a network bridge and how does it work?
A network bridge in its purest form is essentially a digital audio connection away from the computer that connects to this computer over a network. Let’s have a closer look. Basically there are two ways to play music from the internet or from your computer over your stereo: connect your computer directly to a digital input on your stereo or use a network player. The problem with connecting a computer to audio equipment is twofold: the clock signal that sends out the digital music data usually is of low quality and the ground plane carries a lot of electrical noise.
Practical Programming Language 01 - introduction
Hello and welcome to this new Youtube channel about the Practical Programming Language. My name is Shachar Shemesh (that’s actually a very reasonable name in Hebrew) and we are here today to start a new channel that follows the development of a new programming language which I decided to call Practical, and I’ll talk a bit later about why. We’re going to be talking about four main topics.
Freeze panes across selected sheets
Hello this video will show you a macro-based solution to freeze selected worksheets in a workbook. As we presented in an earlier video, Excel will only allow a user to freeze panes in one worksheet at a time. It will not permit the selection of multiple worksheets to freeze panes simultaneously. Thus we need to go to Visual Basis for Applications and compose a macro. Remember to insert a module.
How COVID-19 is impacting air pollution and climate change
People from Beijing to Delhi to Los Angeles have noticed bluer skies and less haze as lockdowns were imposed for the pandemic. But this year is still on track to be the hottest year on record. Why is the air getting cleaner yet warmer? Satellite observations of nitrogen dioxide, a byproduct of burning fossil fuels, show that levels of air pollutant are going down Clearer skies also tell us there’s less particulate matter in the air.
Triassic survivor - HABITANTES DEL MICROMUNDO
Tadpole shrimp (Triops cancriformis) owns the record of permanence on the planet Earth. It has been living on Earth for more than 200 million years (from the Triassic period) with practically any change. It is a crustacean able to reach the 10 cm in length if it can live time enough. A very special characteristic of this crustacean is its ability to produce eggs which can resist long drought periods (even some decades) and extreme temperatures without lose the power to start its embryonic development when environmental conditions are good again.
Can You Imagine a Better Academic E-book Experience? Piloting SimplyE in Academic Libraries (+demo)
I think it’s about time to get started so let me welcome you to this breakout of our spring 2020 virtual CNI member meeting we have three speakers today Rob Carol on Oh Michelle Kimpton and James English their affiliations are noted on the the slide here the topic is academic eBook experiences and the use of the simply e-book reader in academic e-book settings and this is one of these topics that has has taken on increasing importance in light of the current current situation as we are being forced to move extremely aggressively towards ebooks and away from physical books so I’m delighted that we can have we can have this material to think about today so I understand that Michelle you’re going to start so I’ll hand it off to you I’ll just say that we will take questions at the end after all three speakers have spoken you there is a QA tool down at the bottom of your screen and you can use that to queue up questions at any point during the presentation and then we’ll just get to them all at the end Dianne golden Burkhardt will be moderating questions at the end of this session so with that thank you all for joining us and over to you Michelle great thanks so much cliff and thanks for hosting this virtual meeting I’m sure is been challenging for your team I hope everybody here has been staying safe and practicing self-care and these really trying and new times for all of us next language James thank you so over a year ago Rob myself and James were at a CNI meeting and we actually presented gave the CNI attendees an introduction to simply a platform an open-source platform for the seamless delivery of e-books and at that time it was beginning to gain momentum in the public library space as a nationally national library led and library driven by lending platform and through conversations with both Rob and James which really which whom were familiar with the project we saw many parallels to ebook delivery between academic libraries and what public libraries were facing and we began to think about with this technology be viable for the academic library community could we conceive of a way that all ebooks that are delivered to patrons and academic libraries could come through a single source an app that was run managed and controlled by the academic library community so we began on this journey to think about not only simply for public libraries but also to start to conceive simply for academic libraries and today we’re going to give you a quick update on where we’ve been in that journey and some of the new developments that will benefit academic markets and plans to pilot it simply in academia I will start out the discussion giving a project overview so what’s what’s happened in the last two years my focus has been on mainly on public libraries I’ll talk about the uptake of simply in the public library space I will then turn it over to James English who will give a demonstration with particular focus on things that academic libraries might care about and new things that have come into fruition over the last two years and then Rob card Alana will follow up with some survey results in the academic market and then recent and future plans next slide next slide James do you hear me right is this the correct slide my Internet’s a little bit so I didn’t hear the last word okay so for those of you that are not familiar with simply e my pl received a grant in 2013 by IMLS to deliver an open-source ear eating platform that any library could adopt and enable them to serve eat content to their patrons through a single app which is aptly named simply II and this was really in response to a need to have a library controlled and library branded be reading experience which ideally would strengthen not weaken the patron relationship and as cliff noted particularly right now this is really important where many of our physical libraries I think almost all physical libraries are closed and therefore we can’t deliver physical content to our patrons in a recent other webinar I was in Calvin Watson the CEO of Broward County Library in Florida said ebooks are becoming the hero resource of our time as they were able to increase their delivery of ebooks through simply e and also shift their physical budgets to digital acquisitions and increase reading materials for their readers in 2013 when this project was started my failed a founding institution they began developing the open-source platform by 2017 it was in production NYPL over the last two years there have been currently now over 200 libraries that have adopted simply e and these are a range of libraries from large urban libraries to library consortium all ur regional libraries and any state libraries there we go that’s the right slide across across the country so there’s been over the last two years quite a lot of momentum and and much broader adoption throughout the throughout the country next slide some of the key reasons for adoption the main one which I’ve discussed is that libraries really want to have a platform that they can control that they are delivering a unified set of ebooks to their patrons so they’re not sending their patrons to multiple vendor based platforms which are very difficult for patrons to understand sometimes and understand what content they’re getting from what platform so the beauty of libraries implant simply is that all of the content you want to deliver to your user is all available through a single app in addition to that vendors don’t always protect your patron privacy there are sometimes third-party agreements that your users need to sign in order to access this content through this project you control what you control your patient privacy and your patron data so you’re not giving that out to third parties and no third party is getting access to it okay next slide a year ago as momentum was increasing in the public library space we formed the simply Advisory Council this is a group that gives input and guidance on the roadmap as well as puts together communication materials outreach materials training materials and documentation to enable the adoption of simply and to provide materials for libraries in a cohesive and consistent fashion and that group has been meeting for a year um there are currently I believe 12 organizations that are part of the founding Advisory Council and they meet monthly to discuss all things simply make decisions as a result on how to move forward together next slide this is a fairly simplified version of the components that make up library simplified in the app so on the left hand side you have ebook repositories so you might be getting content from several different sources in the case of academic libraries you might have the University Press ebooks that are managed by one vendor you might have licensed ebooks that are coming from different a variety of different vendors and you also might have access to public domain ebooks that you have in your own library or you have through another third party through the middleware which is the library simplified circulation manager the data from these ebook repositories come together and are aggregated so that you can make the content available through the simply app for your patron as the library you run that circulation manager which allows you to choose which content you want to display through the app and allows you to organize that content the fashion that you want your patrons to see it so you can organize it by genre by subject by you know what author publisher whatever you think is going to be most relevant for your community next slide some of the key features that have been developed over the last year which are more relevant to the academic market that weren’t available when we talked with you last is the PDF viewer so academic for academic community PDF is an important format in order to be able to have for a reading and so the app launched with epubs as the primary format but EF is now available as well we’ve also recently added audiobooks so you can listen to audiobooks through the simply app of course you can mix your DRM free and licensed Ihram content in the one app so if you have commercial content and you have public domain content they all go through the same app and unlike a for-profit or commercial app it has Bret this simply is branded with your own library and with that I’m going to turn it over to James to do a demonstration all right Thank You Michelle I’m gonna switch my screen share to my phone which is currently plugged into my computer if someone can on the team can give me a thumbs up if they see the screen great thank you so this is the New York Public Library Catalog and in that catalog as you can see I can look through the different books that they’ve curated either in partnership with the community or in celebration of their anniversaries bestsellers from our favorite New York Times or their very own staff again the app will also organize it by fiction nonfiction audience and language as needed depending on what your community needs our last time what is that you didn’t see which is new is that Michelle mentioned was the addition of audiobooks that can also side-by-side be a be played and discovered through the app what the application also allows you to do is to connect to multiple libraries other than just the one library so if you are a member of different libraries or say your resident New York City and you go to a great university like Columbia University you can go between your New York Public Library Catalog and your Columbia University catalog so here is Columbia University with some books that they’ve not only acquired but also that they have digitized and hosted with partners such as the Internet Archive there’s also open access textbooks as well as some of their own published books from the Columbia University Press so within these you can see both textbooks from the open textbook project you can just simply click on a book download the book whether it’s in PDF or ePub that will render in the app you can do any standard ebook type of feature that you want like cut and paste text so that you can maybe take a snippet of text or a citation from the book and place it in your favorite note- taking app whether it be Evernote or simply just email it to yourself to some other document format it’s really that simple to access the content you simply just need to borrow the content be logged in to your library with your public library card and you can download to your heart’s content now what’s also nice about the app is again with that library card authentication this is not a commercial app where we’re taking liberties with taking personal data in the background everything in the app is built over a secure connection and with an eye towards privacy meaning we don’t capture anything that is PII we simply just anonymous when we lend out the book according to the library ID that’s on that card for that CUNY ID and Columbia’s instance all right you can do search but mostly it is a browse interface again a very simple app for public libraries the simplicity of navigation simplicity of transactional use helps us overcome issues with digital literacy and as you can expect the generations now coming into our schools have this general expectation of access over mobile just simple intuitive interfaces I will that should complete my demo of the app in we’ll now go back to the slide presentation and pass it off to the next person all right thanks James a few in addition to the work that we’ve been doing to better understand the public libraries we set out to conduct a survey with libraries to find out what academic library institutions academic libraries would want thanks to a grant from the Alfred P sloan Foundation we conducted a feasibility study and collected information from over 150 libraries and this information helped to provide us some information around what are the most frequently used features as we expect the copy paste and print is important as well as in document keyword search and table of contents navigation but we also found something that’s important for the academics that might be different than public libraries like citation creation and export many are the same needs for ebook reading that public’s have academic staff as well for example eBook viewing and bookmarking and and other types of navigation so this helped us to understand that there are some things that are coming from the public libraries that we can leverage and that there are some features that we have to work on important for academic libraries you can go to the next slide please James this survey by the way was funded by Alfred P Sloan and partners on this consisted of Columbia lyricists NYU New York Public Library the digital Public Library of America MIT press and minute X University of Minnesota the survey also told us that our users are are going to be coming from a variety of places in the institution but that the libraries thought a particular area focus are the novice undergraduates that first year and second year undergraduate student researcher is an area of focus we think that’s important because that really does cross all academic institutions in North America community colleges liberal arts colleges research institutions and of course now thinking about remote work and remote learning distance learning may be more important than ever but even when we first did the survey last year it was still 68% and of course we expect faculty and graduate students to be users as well we think that users are more likely to be informed by consumer technologies and so they are going to be influenced by what they use in the consumer marketplace when thinking about a good reading experience and the final slide and this tells us something that’s not surprising that our users are likely to be reading books on a variety of platforms yes they will continue to read on their desktops and laptops but we also see equal importance to tablets and smartphones and we see rising prominence for Chromebooks and networks so we’ll have to serve the the wide variety of devices and writing a consistent reading experience finally I’ll turn to one one last slide before I turn it back over to James we are really focusing on transitioning to an open ebook ecosystem and fortunately for us we have the IMLS the mellon Foundation is sloan Foundation and others in the community providing millions of dollars of funding to provide support for exchanges into an open ebook ecosystem these are just some of the examples of activities that have taken place since that original IMLS grant for simply e and you can see that some of this work is actually accelerating as we move into into this current era with that James you can talk about where we’re going and just unmute yourself there thank you rob was point demonstrating in another slide it really is a community effort and as you can see on our future plans it’s really the community that is pitching in to help advance this particular platform and tie it together to the different type of libraries and users across the industry that will be trying to improve eBook access so what’s of particular importance is sam’l authentication so for those of you not too familiar with or unfamiliar with sam’l sam’l is basically a protocol that provides access control and authenticates users to web applications so if you’re an enterprise IT based system like a campus or a community college your authentication is maintained and your identity is maintained by your central IT sam’l is a way to provide that user a single sign-on experience into all the different applications that that university may bring to bear on their scholarship or their student body or for their faculty and so we’re doing this in partnership with Columbia minitex and lyricists the other thing that we’re working on is enhanced local discovery and this is basically being able to provide direct download links into the discovery layers of other applications such as backlight or primo or other type of campus or university type discovery layers as well as a web catalog for those that actually don’t have one of those systems maybe in a community college or a local City College and then lastly rediem - it’s the next iteration and advancement of the rendering engine for ePub it also supports PDF and will also support some fixed layout forms such as graphic novella we will be we are working with some the New York Public Library to help application to be able to use radium 2 with a different and DRM providers that are coming online as well as some of the legacy providers that proliferate the industry and then as always content is king so will be an ongoing partnership with Columbia working with the different content providers to make that content available through the simply e app and then lastly DRM everyone’s favorite topic there is an open DRM being produced by radium called license content protection and our partners at amigos library network are doing the first proof-of-concept evaluation of that technology for use and simply so if anything that you heard today was compelling or intrigued you you can reach out to us via these this variety of channels so you can either participate just be informed or join in the discussion or better yet join in the development of the simply app for academics and at that we’d like to open it up to questions from the online community well that was really interesting thank you to the three of you for that presentation it’s been really interesting to watch simply II come along I just paste it into the chat box a link to the video of the presentation you gave in 2017 so I think it’s really interesting to see what kind of features you’re adding and how it’s developing so with that I want to go ahead and open the floor for questions and we already have a couple of questions so let me pass one of those along to you the question is isn’t this an app that could be integrated into my University’s existing mobile services app where our library already has a presence or must it be a standalone app that’s that’s a great question James can answer this a little bit further but this is an open zone really this is an open source platform for the most part it’s a standalone app as it’s currently being distributed from NYPL but that doesn’t preclude an institution from taking the code and adapting it for local need our goal for academic use is to ensure that all of the software stack that’s associated with the functionality for academic institutions will all be open-source so with that in mind someone could adapt it and incorporate it into something else whether that’s practical or makes sense I would leave that to the application developer I’ll just comment in the public library space there are public libraries that have apps for their library and they’ve integrated the simply app into that app so it’s like that’s a button in the library app which then launches a simply app so depending on what kind of integration you’re looking for I can tell you that’s been done oh that’s great and this really neat and those those apps are really popular in the public libraries we also had a thank you for the demo that was a very helpful demo and I just want to remind everyone if you have a question there’s a Q&A box at the bottom of your zoom screen if you just want to type your question in there we will get to it or you can share it on chat as well and moving on to our next question I see the simply an Internet Archive are open to all what other libraries are open to everyone through the app it’s a good question so the digital Public Library of America is open to everyone we have 6,500 free books in there that you can read on the app the other libraries that are in the app you just need a library card so if you see your library just sign up for a library card and you will be able to see the books that your library is providing and for Columbia we’re working with lyricists and DPLA and amigos in Minnesota to actually select certain collections that we can load we’re looking at licensed collections from some selected ebook providers we’re also looking at open access collections and our own digitized collections as was mentioned Internet Archive is available to all we’re exploring Oh a pen org the directory of open access books and Oh a pen org and we’re planning to load all of those books into simply for Columbia I would imagine once that’s been done that feed could be made available for others and we’re in conversations with other major providers of of books that could be made more broadly available including Conte trust where we think there’s a tremendous opportunity for sharing out the hoti trust books through simply e-platform and they’ve been very receptive to the conversation but they’ve been a little busy these days working on the emergency temporary access services etas service that we’re all benefiting from and we hope to restore that conversation with them once the their current efforts wind down that sounds fabulous if I can expand a little bit on that question what does how would that present to the end user if you’re affiliated with the university but you also have your local library card when you go in and you search simply for something you know a subject matter or something like that is is it opaque to you where the resources coming from once you’re logged in with your credentials or do you have to search each individual affiliation our goal and I can’t speak for other academic institutions it’s very early but our goal is actually provide discovery through our our search and discovery interface for Columbia which is called Clio our black light based interface in that space we have 1600 databases we have licensed content we have open content we have public domain content government content you name it it’s there so there is a certain level of trans people ready it’s just that in one in some particular cases those books will also be available via simply e and you would click a link and the book will show up and simply I see I think the user can look deeper to find out where it comes from and how we licensed it but they shouldn’t have a different user experience because we chose a different business model or different parts to get it that part should be hidden away the experience should be consistent no matter where it came from Michelle you’re dealing with this as well how are you seeing it for DPLA yeah well and maybe dad answer your question in a different way so if I’m in New York and I recorded the New York Public Library and I’m going to Columbia I will need to log into both and then both libraries will be under my accounts and then I’d have to click in each individually to find the resource so they’re not merged and I think because of privacy in authentication all that but they both become your accounts so you don’t have to continue to log back into them but you do have to search each separately I see okay that helps that helps that’s really interesting thank you thanks for that for both of those answers and now we have a question from from clifford cliff lynched what is asking if you could speak a little bit to mathematics support and also the support of illustrated materials right I’ll take that one if folks can hear you my internet connections little spotty right now we use the reading rendering engine and they are working with the broader community to solve the challenge of math equations and rendering ebooks they’re looking at math XML Oh Matt Matt Jax which is a JavaScript engine that can actually render the true equation so that you can read back the equation as opposed to having a picture in a book of an equation so that’s where the technology is going it’s not in the app at this moment with the rendering engine but with the implementation of our to the ability to make those advancements are going to be coming in the next couple of years and as far as pictures it does support pictures within the content already if you’re talking about anything like annotation or any other type of notation within the pictures like triple if’ I don’t believe that support is in there at this moment great very helpful thank you we do have maybe a minute more for question if anyone else has any other questions they’d like to ask our panelists I’d also like to just let you know that if you would like to make a comment or engage directly with our panelists feel free to raise your your virtual hand and I can move you into the space where I can unmute your microphone and you can engage directly with them or feel free to type your question into the Q&A or the chat just one second to remind you that this is part of CNI ongoing spring 2020 virtual meeting we’re delighted that you could join us today and we have many more webinars yet to come we hope that you will come back and experience more of our content in the weeks ahead and I’m just trying to get a copy of our of the the URL for the schedule here which I see is not really cooperating here we go I’m just gonna paste it into the chat box there so you can take a look at the the webinars that will follow this one all the way through the end of May and I see we have another question now and the question is UVA hotty trust Bookshare I a and a few other academic institutions are working on making remediate texts available has there been any discussion about serving that type of content what’s remediate texts let’s see Robin if you could just expand a little bit on what you have in mind when you refer to remediate texts what while she’s doing that I’ll just mention we’re planning to go live with a pilot for Columbia a limited production system in the fall of 2020 if there is any body on the chat that’s interested in participating in this expansion or you serve simply for academics we’d love to hear from you you can put it in the chat box we’d love to hear that in terms of accessibility James maybe you wanna talk about accessibility thank you for that yes as far as sex accessibility again radium is where we leverage that community in the development that is really focused on making epubs more accessible as a format when they’re founding members the Daisy consortium is a development partner with them to make to be able to design the technologies so that it can actually present the underlying text to the rendering engine engine and the platform so that the any onboard assistive technologies like for iOS which would be voice over or for Android which would be talkback would be available to those systems so that you could actually read and navigate the book we’re just using touch and gesture and not have to actually be able to see the content so yes success accessibility is something that we built into the app by design starting back in 2015 in the technology selections for the firm reading wonderful that’s terrific thank you for that question Robin and we have a comment oh that’s from you James math ml support on road map for radium did I pronounce that right that’s correct I was just putting in a writing the answer to cliffs question got it okay excellent okay well with that I would like to thank our panelists once again for coming to CNI and talking to us about simply II thank you so much for your time and I’d also like to thank all of our attendees for taking the time to join us here we’re so glad you could come we hope you’ll come back for more webinars through CNI virtual Spring Meeting we hope that everyone will be well and that we’ll see you again soon take care everyone .
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